Nleba anya ịdị ọcha nke mkpocha ụlọ ọgwụ na igba ogwu bụ ụzọ dị irè isi chọpụta nsogbu.Ọ bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke usoro nleba anya ọrịa nke ụlọ ọgwụ yana otu n'ime ihe ndị a ga-enyocharịrị na nyocha ọkwa ụlọ ọgwụ.Otú ọ dị, ọrụ nchịkwa kwa ụbọchị na-enwekarị nsogbu site na nke a, ọ bụghị ịkọwapụta usoro nlekota oru, ihe eji eme ihe, usoro ọrụ nyocha na akụkọ nsonaazụ, wdg, naanị oge na oge nlekota oru yiri ka ọ bụ isiokwu na-emetụ n'ahụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ.
Ndabere: Achịkọtara dabere na iwu obodo ugbu a, ụkpụrụ na akwụkwọ metụtara njikwa ọrịa.
1. Nleba anya mmetụta nhicha na nhicha
(1) Nyochaa ịdị irè nke ihicha ngwa nyocha na ọgwụgwọ, arịa na ihe: kwa ụbọchị (oge ọ bụla) + oge niile (kwa ọnwa)
(2) Nleba anya nke nhicha na mkpochapụ ngwaọrụ na mmetụta ha: kwa ụbọchị (oge ọ bụla) + oge niile (kwa afọ)
(3) Cleaner-disinfector: arụnyere ọhụrụ, emelitere, megharịa ya, na-agbanwe ihe ndị na-ehicha ihe, ụzọ disinfection, na-agbanwe ụzọ ntinye, wdg.
2. Nleba anya nke disinfection àgwà
(1) Mgbasa ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ: kwa ụbọchị (oge ọ bụla) + oge niile (kwa afọ)
(2) Kemịkalụ disinfection: A na-enyocha ntinye nke ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ (na ngwaahịa na eji ya) mgbe niile, a na-enyochakwa ojiji na-aga n'ihu kwa ụbọchị;ọnụọgụ nje bacteria (nke a na-eji)
(3) Nleba anya mmetụta disinfection: ihe ndị a na-eji ozugbo emechara (dị ka endoscopes na-efe efe, wdg) kwesịrị ka a na-enyocha kwa nkeji nkeji.
3. Nleba anya mmetụta sterilization:
(1) Nleba anya mmetụta mgbochi uzuoku ume
①Nleba anya nke anụ ahụ: (oge ọ bụla; ugboro 3 ugboro ugboro mgbe echichi ọhụrụ gasịrị, mbugharị na nhazigharị nke sterilizer)
②Nleba anya nke kemịkalụ (n'ime na n'èzí akpa ahụ; megharịa ugboro 3 mgbe etinyechara sterilizer ọhụrụ, bugharịa ya ma mekwaa ya; mgbe ị na-eji usoro ịgba ume ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa, a ga-edobe otu ihe ngosi kemịkalụ n'ime akpa ahụ ozugbo n'akụkụ ihe ndị a ga-adị. igba ogwu maka nlekota kemịkalụ)
③B-D ule (ụbọchị ọ bụla; tupu ịmalite ọrụ ịgba ọgwụ kwa ụbọchị)
④ Nleba anya nke ndu (kwa izu; sterilization nke ngwaọrụ ndị a na-etinye n'ime ya kwesịrị ime maka ogbe ọ bụla; mgbe ejiri ihe nkwakọba ihe ọhụrụ na ụzọ maka sterilization; sterilizer kwesịrị ịbụ ihe efu maka oge 3 n'usoro mgbe echichi ọhụrụ, mbugharị na mgbake ọhụrụ; obere sterilizer uzuoku nrụgide. Ekwesịrị ibuju ya nke ọma ma na-enyocha ya ugboro atọ; jiri usoro ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi mmiri ngwa ngwa wee tinye ihe ngosi ndu ozugbo na sterilizer efu.)
(2) Nleba anya na ịdị irè nke ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi okpomọkụ akọrọ
①Nleba anya nke anụ ahụ: batch sterilization ọ bụla;Ugboro 3 ka emechara nrụnye ọhụrụ, mbugharị na nhazigharị
② Nyocha kemịkalụ: ngwugwu sterilization ọ bụla;Ugboro 3 ka emechara nrụnye ọhụrụ, mbugharị na nhazigharị
③Nleba anya ihe ndị dị ndụ: otu ugboro n'izu;sterilization nke ngwaọrụ etinyere kwesịrị ime maka ogbe ọ bụla;ugboro 3 ka emechara nrụnye ọhụrụ, mbugharị na nhazigharị
(3) Nleba anya na ịdị irè nke ọgwụ mgbochi ikuku ethylene oxide
① Usoro nlekota nke anụ ahụ: Tinyegharịa ugboro 3 oge ọ bụla;mgbe a na-agbanwe nrụnye ọhụrụ, mbugharị, mweghachi, ọdịda sterilization, ihe nkwakọ ngwaahịa ma ọ bụ ihe a ga-emezi.
② Usoro nleba anya kemịkalụ: ngwugwu ihe ọ bụla sterilization;megharịa ugboro 3 mgbe nrụnye ọhụrụ, mbugharị, mweghachi, ọdịda sterilization, ihe nkwakọ ngwaahịa ma ọ bụ mgbanwe n'ime ihe ndị emechara.
③ Usoro nleba anya nke ndu: maka batch sterilization ọ bụla;sterilization nke ngwaọrụ etinyere kwesịrị ime maka ogbe ọ bụla;ugboro 3 ugboro ugboro mgbe nrụnye ọhụrụ, mbugharị, mweghachi, sterilization ọdịda, nkwakọ ngwaahịa ma ọ bụ mgbanwe na igba ogwu ihe.
(4) Nleba anya nke hydrogen peroxide sterilization plasma
① Usoro nlekota nke anụ ahụ: Tinyegharịa ugboro 3 oge ọ bụla;mgbe a na-agbanwe nrụnye ọhụrụ, mbugharị, mweghachi, ọdịda sterilization, ihe nkwakọ ngwaahịa ma ọ bụ ihe a ga-emezi.
② Usoro nleba anya kemịkalụ: ngwugwu ihe ọ bụla sterilization;megharịa ugboro 3 mgbe nrụnye ọhụrụ, mbugharị, mweghachi, ọdịda sterilization, ihe nkwakọ ngwaahịa ma ọ bụ mgbanwe n'ime ihe ndị emechara.
③ Usoro nleba anya nke ndu: kwesiri ime opekata mpe otu ugboro n'ụbọchị;sterilization nke ngwaọrụ etinyere kwesịrị ịrụ maka ogbe ọ bụla;ugboro 3 ugboro ugboro mgbe nrụnye ọhụrụ, mbugharị, mweghachi, sterilization ọdịda, nkwakọ ngwaahịa ma ọ bụ mgbanwe na ihe igba ogwu
(5) Nleba anya maka ọgwụgwọ uzuoku formaldehyde dị ala
① Usoro nlekota nke anụ ahụ: Tinyegharịa ugboro 3 maka batch sterilization ọ bụla;nrụnye ọhụrụ, mbugharị, nrụgharị, ọdịda sterilization, ihe nkwakọ ngwaahịa ma ọ bụ mgbanwe n'ime ihe ndị emechara
② Usoro nleba anya kemịkalụ: ngwugwu ihe ọ bụla sterilization;megharịa ugboro 3 mgbe nrụnye ọhụrụ, mbugharị, mweghachi, ọdịda sterilization, ihe nkwakọ ngwaahịa ma ọ bụ mgbanwe n'ime ihe ndị emechara.
③ Usoro nleba anya nke ndu: kwesiri ileba anya otu ugboro n'izu;sterilization nke ngwaọrụ etinyere kwesịrị ime maka ogbe ọ bụla;ugboro 3 ugboro ugboro mgbe nrụnye ọhụrụ, mbugharị, mweghachi, sterilization ọdịda, nkwakọ ngwaahịa ma ọ bụ mgbanwe na ihe igba ogwu
4. Nleba anya na ịdị irè nke nsị aka na akpụkpọ anụ
Ngalaba nwere nnukwu ihe ize ndụ nke ibute ọrịa (dịka ụlọ ịwa ahụ, ebe a na-enye nwa, ụlọ nyocha cath, ngalaba na-agbapụta laminar dị ọcha, ngalaba ntụgharị ụmị ọkpụkpụ, ngalaba transplant akụkụ ahụ, ngalaba nlekọta ahụike kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ, ụlọ ụmụaka, ụlọ nne na nwa, ngalaba hemodialysis, ngalaba ọkụ), ngalaba ọrịa na-efe efe, Ngalaba Stomatology, wdg): Kwa nkeji;mgbe a na-enyo enyo na ntiwapụ nke ọrịa ụlọ ọgwụ na-emetụta ịdị ọcha aka nke ndị ọrụ ahụike, a ga-eme ya n'oge kwesịrị ekwesị na a ga-enyocha microorganisms pathogenic kwekọrọ.
(1) Nleba anya mmetụta disinfection aka: mgbe ịdị ọcha aka gasịrị na tupu ịkpọtụrụ ndị ọrịa ma ọ bụ itinye aka na mmemme ahụike.
(2) Nleba anya mmetụta disinfection nke akpụkpọ ahụ: soro oge omume akọwapụtara na ntuziaka ngwaahịa maka ojiji, wee were nlele n'oge mgbe emechara mmetụta disinfection.
5. Nyochaa mmetụta disinfection nke ihe dị n'elu
A na-ekpochapụ ebe ndị nwere ike imerụ ya na ebe ndị mmetọ;A na-ekpebi ebe dị ọcha dabere na ọnọdụ saịtị;A na-eme nlele mgbe a na-enyo enyo na ọ nwere njikọ na ntiwapụ nke ọrịa ụlọ ọgwụ.(Protocol Ịdị Ọcha Ọbara 2010 Mbipụta: kwa ọnwa)
6. nlekota mmetụta disinfection ikuku
(1) Ngalaba nwere nnukwu ihe ize ndụ nke ibute ọrịa: nkeji iri na ise;ngalaba ọrụ dị ọcha (ọnụ ụlọ) na ebe ndị ọzọ dị ọcha.Ekwesịrị ime nlekota oru n'oge nnabata nke ihe owuwu na nwughari ohuru na mgbe dochie ihe nzacha dị elu;Ekwesịrị ime nlebanya n'oge ọ bụla mgbe a na-enyo enyo na ntiwapụ nke ọrịa ụlọ ọgwụ metụtara mmetọ ikuku., ma na-eduzi nchọpụta nke microorganisms pathogenic.
(2) Oge nlele: Maka ọnụ ụlọ ndị na-eji teknụzụ dị ọcha na-eme ka ikuku dị ọcha, were ihe nlele mgbe usoro ahụ dị ọcha na-eme onwe ya ọcha na tupu itinye aka na ọrụ ahụike;maka ime ụlọ ndị na-adịghị eji teknụzụ dị ọcha mee ka ikuku dị ọcha, were ihe nlele mgbe ọgwụ nje ma ọ bụ ikuku ikuku na-enye ya na tupu itinye aka na ọrụ ahụike;ma ọ bụ Nlele mgbe a na-enyo enyo na ejikọtara ya na ntiwapụ nke ọrịa nosocomial.
7. Nyochaa mmetụta disinfection nke ihe nhicha nhicha: were ihe nlele mgbe disinfection na tupu ejiri ya.
Were nlere anya mgbe ịsachara ya na tupu ejiri ya.
8. Nchọpụta nke nje bacteria.
Nnyocha nlekọta oge niile adịghị mkpa ịchọpụta microorganisms pathogenic.Ekwesịrị ịnwale microorganisms ezubere iche mgbe a na-enyo enyo na ọ na-ebute ọrịa n'ụlọ ọgwụ, mgbe a nyochara ọrịa ọrịa ụlọ ọgwụ, ma ọ bụ mgbe a na-enyo enyo na nje nje ụfọdụ na-ebute ọrịa na-arụ ọrụ.
9. Nleba anya nke UV oriọna irradiance uru
Ngwaahịa (agbanyere ọhụrụ) + na-eji
10. Nyochaa ihe ndị agbachara agbanyụ na ihe ndị a na-atụfu ọgwụ
A naghị atụ aro ka ụlọ ọgwụ na-eme ụdị ule a mgbe niile.Mgbe nyocha ọrịa ọrịa na-enyo enyo na ihe omume ọrịa ụlọ ọgwụ na-emetụta ihe ndị na-adịghị mma, a ga-eme nyocha kwekọrọ.
11.Nleba anya metụtara hemodialysis
(1) Ikuku, elu na aka: kwa ọnwa
(2) Mmiri dialysis: PH (kwa ụbọchị): nje bacteria (nke mbụ a nwalere otu ugboro n'izu, ma gbanwee ka ọ bụrụ kwa ọnwa mgbe nyocha abụọ na-aga n'ihu na-agbaso ihe ndị a chọrọ, na ebe nlele bụ njedebe nke ntụgharị osmosis mmiri na-ebufe pipeline);endotoxin (mbido a ga-eme nnwale otu ugboro n'izu, ma gbanwee ka ọ dịkarịa ala otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ mgbe nsonaazụ ule abụọ n'usoro na-emezu ihe achọrọ. Ebe nlele ahụ bụ njedebe nke pipeline mmiri osmosis; ma ọ bụrụ na ahụ ọkụ, oyi, ma ọ bụ ihe mgbu n'elu akụkụ ahụ. Akụkụ ohere nke vaskụla na-eme mgbe ị na-eji dialyzer emegharịrị, a ga-eme ule ahụ Test reverse osmosis water for reverse and flushing);kemịkalụ mmetọ (ọ dịkarịa ala kwa afọ);ike mmiri dị nro na chlorine efu (opekata mpe kwa izu);
(3) Ego fọdụrụnụ nke ọgwụ nje emegharịrị eji eme ihe: dialyzer ka emegharịrị;Ọ bụrụ na ahụ ọkụ, oyi, ma ọ bụ ihe mgbu dị elu n'akụkụ ohere vaskụla na-eme mgbe ị na-eji dialyzer emegharịrị, a ga-anwale mmiri reverse osmosis maka ijigharị flushing.
(4) Ihe na-egbu egbu maka igwe dialysis: kwa ọnwa (nlekọta ọgwụ na-efe efe na ntinye ihe mkpofu akụrụngwa)
(5) Dialysate: nje bacteria (kwa ọnwa), endotoxin (opekata mpe otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ);A na-anwale igwe dialysis ọ bụla ọbụlagodi otu ugboro n'afọ
(6) Dialyzer: tupu ojiji ọ bụla (labelụ, ọdịdị, ikike, nrụgide, ntinye nke ọgwụ nje jupụtara);mgbe ọ bụla ejigharị (ọdịdị, eriri dị n'ime, ụbọchị njedebe);tupu eji ya (ọdịdị, akara, ụbọchị njedebe, ozi onye ọrịa, nhazi, ọnụnọ nke ntapu ọgwụ na ihe fọdụrụnụ nke ọgwụ mgbe ịsachara).A na-eji ya (ọnọdụ ahụike onye ọrịa na nsogbu)
(7) Barel nkwadebe na-etinye uche: Na-efesa ọgwụ na-egbu egbu kwa izu wee jiri akwụkwọ nyocha gosi na ọ nweghị ọgwụ mgbochi fọdụrụnụ.
12.metụtara nlekota nke disinfectants
(1) Nyochaa ntinye uche nke ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ (na ngwaahịa na n'oge eji) mgbe niile, na ekwesịrị ịdị na-enyocha kwa ụbọchị maka iji ya na-aga n'ihu;
(2) Nleba anya nke mmetọ nje n'oge eji (sterilizing disinfectants, skin and mucous membrane disinfectants, and other disinfectants during used)
13. Ebe a na-enye ọgwụ n'ime eriri afọ (ime ụlọ)
(1) A ga-anwale mpaghara dị ọcha site na ngalaba iwu iji mezuo ụkpụrụ ịdị ọcha nke mba (mmelite mbụ, ebe a na-asa ákwà na ebe a na-edebe ihe ọcha dị larịị 100,000; mmelite nke abụọ, ebe a na-enye ọgwụ na ebe a na-enye ihe bụ ọkwa 10,000; mmiri laminar. Tebụl arụ ọrụ bụ ọkwa 100) tupu etinye ya n'ọrụ.
(2) Ekwesịrị dochie ihe nzacha ikuku mgbe niile na mpaghara dị ọcha.Mgbe emechara nrụzi dị iche iche nke nwere ike imetụta ịdị ọcha ikuku, a ga-anwale ya ma nyochaa ya iji mezuo ụkpụrụ ọkwa ịdị ọcha kwekọrọ tupu etinye ya ọzọ.
(3) A na-achọpụta ọnụọgụ nje bacteria na ikuku na mpaghara dị ọcha mgbe niile kwa ọnwa.
(4) Ụlọ nchekwa nchekwa ihe ndị dị ndụ: Ekwesịrị ileba anya na nchekwa nchekwa ndụ maka nje bacteria na-agbaze otu ugboro n'ọnwa.Ụlọ nchekwa nchekwa ndụ kwesịrị ozugbo dochie ihe nzacha carbon arụrụ ọrụ dị ka ntuziaka nleba anya na akpaaka siri dị.A ga-anwale ụdị dị iche iche nke kabinet nchekwa ihe ndụ kwa afọ iji hụ na arụmọrụ nke kabinet nchekwa ndụ na-arụ ọrụ, yana a ga-echekwa akụkọ nyocha.
(5) Okirikiri laminar na-asọpụta bench dị ọcha: A ga-enyocha bench dị ọcha maka nje bacteria planktonic dị ike otu ugboro n'izu;A ga-anwale ihe dị iche iche nke oghere laminar dị ọcha kwesịrị ịnwale kwa afọ iji hụ na arụ ọrụ nke bench dị ọcha, na a ga-echekwa akụkọ nyocha;
14. Nleba anya nke ịsacha na disinfection nke akwa ọgwụ
Ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụike nke na-asachapụ ma na-emerụ onwe ya, ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụike nke na-ahụ maka ọrụ ịsa ahụ na nsị nke ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ịsa ahụ na-elekọta mmadụ, a ga-enyocha akwa ahụike mgbe ịsachara na nsị ma ọ bụ nata ịsa ahụ na disinfection kwesịrị ịlele mgbe niile ma ọ bụ. oge ụfọdụ maka akụrụngwa, ntụpọ elu, mmebi, wdg. A na-eme nlekota microbiological mgbe niile.Ugbu a enweghị ụkpụrụ ejikọtara ọnụ na usoro nlele na nnwale akọwapụtara.
Oge nzipu: Sep-21-2023
