Ukujongwa kococeko lokubulala iintsholongwane esibhedlele kunye nokuvala inzala yindlela esebenzayo yokufumanisa iingxaki.Yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yesalathiso sosulelo lwesibhedlele kwaye yenye yezinto ekufuneka zitshekishwe kuphononongo lwenqanaba lesibhedlele.Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi wolawulo lwemihla ngemihla uhlala ukhathazwa yile nto, singasathethi ke ngeendlela zokuBeka iliso, izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, iinkqubo zovavanyo kunye neengxelo zeziphumo, njl.
Isiseko: Ihlanganiswe ngokusekwe kwimithetho yesizwe yangoku, imigaqo kunye namaxwebhu anxulumene nolawulo losulelo.
1. Ukucoca kunye nokucoca isiphumo esweni
(1) Ukubeka iliso ekusebenzeni kokucocwa kwezixhobo zokuxilonga kunye nonyango, izixhobo kunye nezinto: imihla ngemihla (ngamaxesha onke) + rhoqo (ngenyanga)
(2) Ukubekwa esweni kwezixhobo zokucoca kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane kunye neziphumo zazo: yonke imihla (ngamaxesha onke) + rhoqo (ngonyaka)
(3) I-Cleaner-disinfector: esanda kufakwa, ihlaziywa, igqitywe, i-agent yokucoca, iindlela zokucoca iintsholongwane, ukutshintsha iindlela zokulayisha, njl.
2. Ukubekwa esweni komgangatho wokubulala iintsholongwane
(1) Ukubulala iintsholongwane kubushushu obumanzi: yonke imihla (ngamaxesha onke) + rhoqo (ngonyaka)
(2) I-Chemical disinfection: Ukuxinwa kwezinto ezisebenzayo (kwimpahla kunye nokusetyenziswa) kufuneka kubekwe iliso rhoqo, kwaye ukusetyenziswa okuqhubekayo kufuneka kubekwe esweni yonke imihla;ubungakanani bosulelo lwebhaktiriya (esetyenziswayo)
(3) Ukujongwa kwempembelelo yokubulala iintsholongwane: izinto ezisetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo emva kokubulawa kweentsholongwane (ezifana ne-disinfected endoscopes, njl. njl.) kufuneka zibekwe esweni rhoqo ngekota.
3. Ukubeka iliso kwisiphumo sokuvala inzala:
(1) Ukubeka iliso kwimpembelelo yoxinzelelo lwe-sterilization
① Ukujongwa ngokwasemzimbeni: (ngamaxesha onke; phinda amaxesha ama-3 emva kofakelo olutsha, ukufuduswa kunye nokulungiswa kwesibulala-ntsholongwane)
②Ukujongwa kwekhemikhali (ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwebhegi; phinda amaxesha ama-3 emva kokuba isibulali-ntsholongwane sisanda kufakwa, safuduswa saza salungiswa; xa usebenzisa inkqubo yoxinzelelo olukhawulezayo lokuvala umphunga, iqhekeza lesalathiso sekhemikhali engxoweni kufuneka libekwe ngqo ecaleni kwezinto eziza kwenziwa. inzalo yokujongwa kweekhemikhali)
③Uvavanyo lwe-B-D (yonke imihla; phambi kokuqalisa utyando lwemihla ngemihla)
④Uhlolo lwebhayoloji (iveki nganye; ukuvalwa kwezixhobo ezifakelwayo kufuneka kwenziwe kwibhetshi nganye; xa izixhobo zokupakisha ezintsha kunye neendlela zisetyenziselwa ukuvalwa; isibulala-ntsholongwane kufuneka singabi nanto kangangezihlandlo ezi-3 ezilandelelanayo emva kofakelo olutsha, ukufuduswa kunye nokulungiswa ngokutsha; encinci Uxinzelelo lwesterilizer yomphunga kufuneka ilayishwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye ibekwe iliso ngokuqhubekayo izihlandlo ezithathu; sebenzisa inkqubo yokuvala umphunga okhawulezayo kwaye ubeke ngokuthe ngqo isalathisi sebhayoloji kwisibulali-ntsholongwane esingenanto.)
(2) Ukubeka iliso kwimpumelelo yokuvala ubushushu obomileyo
①Ukujongwa ngokwasemzimbeni: ibhetshi nganye yokuvala inzala;Amaxesha ama-3 emva kofakelo olutsha, ukufuduswa kunye nokulungiswa ngokutsha
②Ukujongwa kweekhemikhali: iphakheji nganye yokuvala inzala;Amaxesha ama-3 emva kofakelo olutsha, ukufuduswa kunye nokulungiswa ngokutsha
③Uhlolo lwebhayoloji: kanye ngeveki;ukuvalwa kwezixhobo ezifakelwayo kufuneka kwenziwe kwibhetshi nganye;ngokuphindaphindiweyo amaxesha ama-3 emva kofakelo olutsha, ukufuduswa kunye nokulungiswa kwakhona
(3) Ukubeka iliso ekusebenzeni kwe-ethylene oxide gas sterilization
①Indlela yokubeka iliso ngokwasemzimbeni: Phinda izihlandlo ezi-3 ngexesha ngalinye;xa kufakelo olutsha, ukufuduswa, ukulungiswa ngokutsha, ukungaphumeleli kokuvala inzala, izinto zokupakisha okanye izinto eziza kwenziwa inzala zitshintshwa.
②Indlela yokubeka iliso kwimichiza: ipakethe nganye yokuvala inzala;phinda amaxesha ama-3 xa ufakelo olutsha, ukufuduswa, ukulungiswa ngokutsha, ukungaphumeleli kokuvala inzala, ukupakisha imathiriyeli okanye utshintsho kwizinto ezintsholongwane.
③Indlela yokuhlola yebhayoloji: kwibhetshi nganye yokuvala inzala;ukuvalwa kwezixhobo ezifakelwayo kufuneka kwenziwe kwibhetshi nganye;phinda amaxesha ama-3 xa ufakelo olutsha, ukufuduswa, ukulungiswa ngokutsha, ukungaphumeleli kokuvala inzala, izinto zokupakisha okanye utshintsho kwizinto ezibulawa inzala.
(4) Ukubeka iliso kwi-hydrogen peroxide kwi-plasma inzalo
①Indlela yokubeka iliso ngokwasemzimbeni: Phinda izihlandlo ezi-3 ngexesha ngalinye;xa kufakelo olutsha, ukufuduswa, ukulungiswa ngokutsha, ukungaphumeleli kokuvala inzala, izinto zokupakisha okanye izinto eziza kwenziwa inzala zitshintshwa.
②Indlela yokubeka iliso kwimichiza: ipakethe nganye yokuvala inzala;phinda amaxesha ama-3 xa ufakelo olutsha, ukufuduswa, ukulungiswa ngokutsha, ukungaphumeleli kokuvala inzala, ukupakisha imathiriyeli okanye utshintsho kwizinto ezintsholongwane.
③Indlela yokubeka iliso yebhayoloji: kufuneka yenziwe kanye ngemini;ukuvalwa kwezixhobo ezifakelwayo kufuneka kwenziwe kwibhetshi nganye;phinda amaxesha ama-3 xa ufakelo olutsha, ukufuduswa, ukulungiswa ngokutsha, ukungaphumeleli kokuvala inzala, ukupakisha imathiriyeli okanye utshintsho kwizinto ezinezintsholongwane.
(5) Ukubekwa esweni kobushushu obuphantsi be-formaldehyde sterilization yomphunga
①Indlela yokubeka iliso ngokwasemzimbeni: Phinda amaxesha ama-3 kwibhetshi nganye yokuvala inzala;ufakelo olutsha, ukufuduswa kwenye indawo, ukulungiswa ngokutsha, ukungaphumeleli kokuvala inzala, imathiriyeli yokupakisha okanye utshintsho kwizinto ezifakwe inzala
②Indlela yokubeka iliso kwimichiza: ipakethe nganye yokuvala inzala;phinda amaxesha ama-3 xa ufakelo olutsha, ukufuduswa, ukulungiswa ngokutsha, ukungaphumeleli kokuvala inzala, ukupakisha imathiriyeli okanye utshintsho kwizinto ezintsholongwane.
③Indlela yokubeka iliso yebhayoloji: kufuneka ibekwe iliso kanye ngeveki;ukuvalwa kwezixhobo ezifakelwayo kufuneka kwenziwe kwibhetshi nganye;phinda amaxesha ama-3 xa ufakelo olutsha, ukufuduswa, ukulungiswa ngokutsha, ukungaphumeleli kokuvala inzala, ukupakisha imathiriyeli okanye utshintsho kwizinto ezinezintsholongwane.
4. Ukubeka iliso ekusebenzeni kwesandla kunye nolusu lokubulala iintsholongwane
Amasebe asemngciphekweni omkhulu wokosuleleka (njengamagumbi otyando, amagumbi okubelekela, iilebhu zecath, iiwadi ezicocekileyo zokuphuma kwelaminar, iiwodi zokufakelwa umongo wamathambo, iiwodi zofakelo lwamalungu omzimba, iiyunithi zokhathalelo olumandla, amagumbi okuzala, amagumbi oomama nabantwana, amagumbi okuhlambulula igazi, amagumbi okutshisa; amasebe izifo ezosulelayo, iSebe Stomatology, njl): Ngekota;xa uqhambuko losulelo lwesibhedlele lurhanelwa ukuba lunxulumene nokucoceka kwezandla zabasebenzi bezonyango, kufuneka kuqhutywe ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye i-microorganisms ehambelanayo ye-pathogenic kufuneka ihlolwe.
(1) Ukubeka iliso kwimpembelelo ye-disinfection yesandla: emva kococeko lwezandla naphambi kokuqhagamshelana nezigulana okanye ukwenza imisebenzi yezonyango.
(2) Ukubeka iliso kwimpembelelo ye-disinfection yesikhumba: landela ixesha lesenzo elichazwe kwimiyalelo yemveliso yokusetyenziswa, kwaye uthathe iisampuli ngexesha emva kokuba umphumo wokubulala iintsholongwane uphunyeziwe.
5. Ukubeka iliso kwisiphumo sokubulala iintsholongwane kumphezulu wezinto
Iindawo ezinokuthi zingcoliseke kunye neendawo ezingcolisekileyo zibulawa zintsholongwane;iindawo ezicocekileyo zimiselwa ngokusekwe phantsi kweemeko zesiza;iisampulu zenziwa xa kurhaneleka ukuba zinxulumene nokuqhambuka kosulelo esibhedlele.(Ushicilelo lweProtocol yokucoca igazi 2010: Ngenyanga)
6. Ukujongwa kwempembelelo yokubulala iintsholongwane emoyeni
(1) Amasebe asemngciphekweni omkhulu wokosuleleka: ngekota;amasebe okusebenza acocekile (amagumbi) nezinye iindawo ezicocekileyo.Ukubeka iliso kufuneka kuqhutywe ngexesha lokwamkelwa kolwakhiwo olutsha kunye nokwakhiwa kwakhona kwaye emva kokutshintshwa kwezihluzo eziphezulu;ukubeka iliso kufuneka kwenziwe nangaliphi na ixesha xa ukuqhambuka kosulelo esibhedlele kurhanelwa ukuba kunxulumene nongcoliseko lomoya., kwaye uqhube ukufumanisa i-pathogenic microorganisms ehambelanayo.Amasebe otyando acocekileyo kunye nezinye iindawo ezicocekileyo ziqinisekisa ukuba igumbi ngalinye elicocekileyo linokubekwa esweni ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka.
(2) Ixesha lesampula: Kumagumbi asebenzisa iteknoloji ecocekileyo ukucoca umoya, thatha iisampulu emva kokuba inkqubo ecocekileyo ihlambulukile kwaye ngaphambi kokuba wenze imisebenzi yezonyango;kumagumbi angasebenzisi iteknoloji ecocekileyo ukucoca umoya, ukuthatha iisampulu emva kwe-disinfection okanye i-ventilation emiselweyo kwaye ngaphambi kokubandakanyeka kwimisebenzi yezokwelapha;okanye Ukuthathwa kwesampulu xa kurhaneleka ukuba inyanyaniswa noqhambuko losulelo lwe-nosocomial.
7. Ukubeka iliso kwimpembelelo ye-disinfection yezinto zokucoca: thatha iisampulu emva kokutshatyalaliswa kweentsholongwane kunye nangaphambi kokusetyenziswa.
Thatha iisampulu emva kokubulala iintsholongwane naphambi kokusetyenziswa.
8. Ukufunyanwa kwebhaktheriya ye-pathogenic:
Ukuhlolwa kwesiqhelo akufuneki ukuba kubonwe i-pathogenic microorganisms.I-microorganisms ekujoliswe kuyo kufuneka ivavanywe xa ukugqabhuka kosulelo lwesibhedlele kukrokrelwa, xa kuphandwa ngokuqhambuka kosulelo lwesibhedlele, okanye xa ungcoliseko yibhaktheriya ethile ye-pathogenic ikrokrelwa emsebenzini.
9. Ukubekwa esweni kwexabiso le-irradiance yesibane se-UV
Uluhlu (olusanda kwenziwa) + olusetyenziswayo
10. Ukuhlolwa kwezinto ezizintsholongwane kunye nezixhobo zonyango ezilahlwayo
Akukhuthazwa ukuba izibhedlele zenze olu hlobo lovavanyo rhoqo.Xa uphando lwe-epidemiological lukrokrela ukuba iziganeko zokosuleleka esibhedlele zinxulumene nezinto ezintsholongwane, uhlolo oluhambelanayo kufuneka lwenziwe.
11.Uhlolo olunxulumeneyo lwe-hemodialysis
(1) Umoya, umphezulu kunye nezandla: ngenyanga
(2) Amanzi e-Dialysis: PH (imihla ngemihla): iibhaktheriya (ekuqaleni zivavanywa kanye ngeveki, kwaye zitshintshelwe kwinyanga emva kweziphumo zovavanyo ezimbini ezilandelelanayo zihlangabezana neemfuno, kwaye indawo yesampuli sisiphelo sombhobho wokuhanjiswa kwamanzi osmosis);I-endotoxin (ekuqaleni Uvavanyo kufuneka lwenziwe kanye ngeveki, kwaye lutshintshwe ubuncinane ngekota emva kweziphumo zovavanyo ezimbini ezilandelelanayo zihlangabezana neemfuno. Indawo yesampulu sisiphelo sombhobho wamanzi osemva we-osmosis; ukuba umkhuhlane, iingqele, okanye iintlungu zelungu eliphezulu kwilungu lomzimba. I-vascular access side yenzeke xa usebenzisa i-dialyzer esetyenzisiweyo kwakhona, uvavanyo kufuneka lwenziwe Uvavanyo lwe-osmosis ye-reverse yamanzi ukuze isetyenziswe kwakhona kunye nokugungxula);ungcoliseko lweekhemikhali (ubuncinci ngonyaka);ubunzima bamanzi athambileyo kunye neklorine yamahhala (ubuncinci ngeveki);
(3) Imali eshiyekileyo yesibulali-ntsholongwane esiphinde sasetyenziswa: i-dialyzer emva kokusetyenziswa kwakhona;ukuba umkhuhlane, ukugodola, okanye iintlungu zelungu eliphezulu kwicala lofikelelo lwemithambo zenzeka xa usebenzisa i-dialyzer ephinda isetyenziswa, amanzi angemva e-osmosis ukuze aphinde asetyenziswe ukugungxulwa kufuneka avavanywe.
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(5) I-Dialysate: ibhaktheriya (ngenyanga), i-endotoxin (ubuncinci ngekota);umatshini ngamnye we-dialysis uvavanywa ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka
(6) I-Dialyzer: phambi kokusetyenziswa kwakhona ngalunye (ileyibhile, ukubonakala, umthamo, uxinzelelo, ukuxinwa kwe-disinfectant egcweleyo);emva kokusetyenziswa kwakhona ngalunye (imbonakalo, i-fiber yangaphakathi, umhla wokuphelelwa yisikhathi);phambi kokusetyenziswa (imbonakalo, ileyibhile, Umhla wokuphelelwa kwexesha, ulwazi lwesigulana, ubume, ubukho bokuvuza kwesibulali-ntsholongwane kunye nesixa esishiyekileyo sesibulali-ntsholongwane emva kokugungxulwa).Ukusetyenziswa (imeko yekliniki yesigulane kunye neengxaki)
(7) Gxininisa umphanda wokulungiselela: Ukubulala iintsholongwane ngesibulali-ntsholongwane rhoqo ngeveki kwaye usebenzise iphepha lovavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba asikho isibulali-ntsholongwane esishiyekayo.
12.Uhlolo olunxulumeneyo lwezibulali ntsholongwane
(1) Ukubeka iliso kugxininiso lwezithako ezisebenzayo (esitokhweni nangexesha lokusetyenziswa) rhoqo, kwaye kufuneka kubekwe iliso yonke imihla ukuze zisetyenziswe ngokuqhubekayo;
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13. Iziko lokukhupha amayeza emithanjeni (igumbi)
(1) Indawo ecocekileyo kufuneka ivavanywe lisebe elisemthethweni ukuze ihlangabezane nemigangatho yococeko yesizwe (uhlaziyo lokuqala, igumbi lokuhlambela impahla nelococeko likwinqanaba le-100,000; uhlaziyo lwesibini, igumbi lokuthafa kunye nelokukhupha likwinqanaba le-10,000; ukuhamba kwelaminar. itafile yokusebenza ikwinqanaba le-100) phambi kokuba isetyenziswe.
(2) Izihluzi zomoya kufuneka zitshintshwe rhoqo kwiindawo ezicocekileyo.Emva kokwenza izilungiso ezahlukeneyo ezinokuchaphazela ukucoceka komoya, kufuneka ivavanywe kwaye iqinisekiswe ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho ehambelanayo yococeko ngaphambi kokuba isetyenziswe kwakhona.
(3) Inani leentsholongwane ezisemoyeni kwindawo ecocekileyo lifanele libonwe rhoqo ngenyanga.
(4) Ikhabhinethi yokhuseleko lwebhayoloji: Iikhabhathi zokhuseleko lwebhayoloji kufuneka zibekwe iliso kwiintsholongwane zentlenga kanye ngenyanga.Iikhabhathi zokhuseleko lwebhayoloji kufuneka zitshintshe ngokukhawuleza izihluzi zekhabhoni ezisebenzayo ngokwemiyalelo yokugada ngokuzenzekelayo.Iiparamitha ezahlukeneyo zekhabhathi yokhuseleko lwebhayoloji kufuneka ivavanywe minyaka le ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wokusebenza kwekhabhathi yokhuseleko lwebhayoloji, kwaye ingxelo yovavanyo kufuneka igcinwe.
(5) Ibhentshi yokucoca i-laminar ethe tyaba: Ibhentshi ethe tyaba yokuqukuqela ecocekileyo kufuneka ibekwe iliso kwiibhaktheriya zeplanktonic eziguqukayo kanye ngeveki;iiparameters ezahlukeneyo ibhentshi ethe tyaba laminar flow ecocekileyo kufuneka zivavanywe minyaka le ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza umgangatho ibhentshi ecocekileyo, kwaye ingxelo yovavanyo kufuneka zigcinwe;
14. Ukubekwa esweni kokuhlanjwa kunye nokubulawa kweentsholongwane kwiilaphu zonyango
Ingaba liziko lezonyango elizihlambayo kwaye lizibulala iintsholongwane, okanye iziko lezonyango elijongene nomsebenzi wokuhlamba kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane yi-arhente yenkonzo yokuhlamba i-socialized, amalaphu ezonyango emva kokuhlamba kunye nokubulawa kweentsholongwane okanye ukufumana i-disinfection kunye ne-disinfection kufuneka ihlolwe rhoqo okanye ngamaxesha athile kwiipropati, amabala angaphezulu, umonakalo, njl njl. Uhlolo lwe-Microbiological lwenziwa rhoqo.Okwangoku akukho migaqo idityanisiweyo kwisampulu ethile kunye neendlela zokuvavanya.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-21-2023
